artha-pañcaka

Śrī Rāmānuja’s views on the following five subjects:

1) sva-svarūpa, the constitutional nature of the individual self 2) para-svarūpa, the constitutional nature of the individual self in relation to other living beings 3) upāya-svarūpa, the means of achieving the highest goal of life – bhakti 4) puruṣārtha-svarūpa, the highest goal of life 5) virodhi-svarūpa, the hinderances to spiritual life